S3454 GUARD Act

A BILL To authorize the Secretary of Defense to establish one or more National Security and Defense Artificial Intelligence Institutes, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. Short title. This Act may be cited as the “Growing University Artificial Intelligence Research for Defense Act of 2025” or the “GUARD Act of 2025”.

SEC. 2. National Security and Defense Artificial Intelligence Institute. (a) In general.—The Secretary of Defense may establish one or more National Security and Defense Artificial Intelligence Institutes (referred to in this section as “Institutes”) at eligible host institutions. (b) Institute described.—A National Security and Defense Artificial Intelligence Institute referred to in subsection (a) is an artificial intelligence research institute that— (1) is focused on a cross-cutting challenge or foundational science for artificial intelligence systems in the national security and defense sector; (2) establishes partnerships among public and private organizations, including, as appropriate, Federal agencies, institutions of higher education, including community colleges, nonprofit research organizations, Federal laboratories, State, local, and Tribal governments, and industry, including the Defense Industrial Base and startup companies; (3) has the potential to create an innovation ecosystem, or enhance existing ecosystems, to translate Institute research into applications and products used to enhance national security and defense capabilities; (4) supports interdisciplinary research and development across multiple institutions of higher education and organizations; and (5) supports workforce development in artificial intelligence related disciplines in the United States.

(c) Financial assistance authorized.— (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense may award financial assistance to an eligible host institution, or consortia thereof, to establish and support one or more Institutes. (2) USE OF FUNDS.—Financial assistance awarded under paragraph (1) may be used by an Institute for— (A) managing and making available to researchers accessible, curated, standardized, secure, and privacy protected data sets from the public and private sectors for the purposes of training and testing artificial intelligence systems and for research using artificial intelligence systems with regard to national security and defense; (B) developing and managing testbeds for artificial intelligence systems, including sector-specific test beds, designed to enable users to evaluate artificial intelligence systems prior to deployment; (C) conducting research and education activities involving artificial intelligence systems to solve challenges with national security implications; (D) providing or brokering access to computing resources, networking, and data facilities for artificial intelligence research and development relevant to the Institute’s research goals; (E) providing technical assistance to users, including software engineering support, for artificial intelligence research and development relevant to the Institute’s research goals; (F) engaging in outreach and engagement to broaden participation in artificial intelligence research and the artificial intelligence workforce; and (G) such other activities as may determined by the Secretary of Defense.

(3) DURATION.—Financial assistance under paragraph (1) shall be awarded for a five-year period, and may be renewed for not more than one additional five-year period. (4) APPLICATION FOR FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE.—An eligible host institution or consortia thereof seeking financial assistance under paragraph (1) shall submit to the Secretary of Defense an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require. (5) COMPETITIVE, MERIT REVIEW.—In awarding financial assistance under paragraph (1), the Secretary of Defense shall use a competitive, merit-based review process. (6) COLLABORATION.—In awarding financial assistance under paragraph (1), the Secretary of Defense may collaborate with other departments and agencies of the Federal Government with missions that relate to or have the potential to be affected by the national security implications of artificial intelligence systems. (7) LIMITATION.—No financial assistance authorized in this section shall be awarded to an entity outside of the United States. All recipients of financial assistance under this section, including subgrantees, shall be based in the United States and shall meet such other eligibility criteria as may be established by the Secretary of Defense.

(d) Definition.—In this section, the term “eligible host institution” means— (1) an institution of higher education (as defined in section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1002)) in the United States that conducts research sponsored by the Department of Defense; or (2) a senior military college (as defined in section 2111a(f) of title 10, United States Code).